Adjectives: Placement, Types, Order, Dynamic Forms

A. Before Nouns

💡 In English, adjectives usually come before the noun they describe and do not change form to match the noun.

Examples:

• 🍎 A red apple
• 📘 A thick book
• 🐶 A loyal dog
• 🚗 A fast car
• 🌹 A beautiful flower
• 🏡 A large house
• 🎂 A delicious cake
• 🖊️ A blue pen
• 📱 A new phone
• 🎩 A fancy hat
• 👗 An elegant dress
• 🏖️ A sunny beach
• 🕰️ An ancient clock
• 👶 A cute baby
• 🏞️ A breathtaking view
• 🍋 A fresh lemon
• 🌳 A tall tree
• 🐇 A playful rabbit
• 🍪 A sweet cookie
• 🎒 A heavy backpack

B. After Linking Verbs

💡 Adjectives can also appear after linking verbs such as “be,” “seem,” “look,” “feel,” or “become” to describe the subject.

Examples:

• 🐶 The dog is friendly.
• 🍕 This pizza smells delicious.
• 💡 The idea seems brilliant.
• 👶 The baby looks adorable.
• 🏋️‍♀️ She felt tired after the workout.
• 📚 The book is interesting.
• 🏠 The house became messy.
• 🎉 The party sounds fun.
• 🌊 The sea appears calm.
• 🕰️ The clock seems old.
• 🏞️ The mountain looks majestic.
• 👩‍⚕️ The nurse is kind.
• 🖼️ The painting looks stunning.
• 🚶‍♂️ He feels confident.
• 🎬 The movie seems exciting.
• 🍎 The fruit tastes sweet.
• 🌧️ The weather became gloomy.
• 🏞️ The view is breathtaking.
• 👩‍🏫 The teacher looks experienced.

2. Types of Adjectives 🧩

Adjectives are categorized into Fact Adjectives and Opinion Adjectives:

A. Fact Adjectives

These adjectives describe objective qualities like size, shape, age, color, material, or nationality.

Examples:

📏 Size:
🪟 A small room
🐘 A huge elephant
🐜 A tiny ant
🚢 A massive ship

🔵 Shape:
⚽ A round ball
🟦 A square table
🚸 A triangular sign
🪞 An oval mirror

🕰️ Age:
🌳 An old tree
🐱 A young kitten
🏢 A modern building
🏺 An ancient artifact

🎨 Color:
☁️ A white cloud
🍃 A green leaf
🌹 A red rose
🌻 A yellow sunflower

🇫🇷 Nationality:
🎂 A French dish
🚗 An Italian car
🎨 A Chinese painting
👒 A Mexican hat

🧵 Material:
🪑 A wooden chair
💍 A diamond ring
🧣 A silk scarf
🧥 A leather jacket

B. Opinion Adjectives

Opinion adjectives express what someone thinks about something. They can be general (applied to many things) or specific (applied to certain things).

1️⃣ General Opinion Adjectives

• 🎨 A beautiful painting
• 🍎 A lovely apple
• 🐕 A friendly dog
• 🏞️ A breathtaking view
• 📚 A fascinating book
• 🎉 A fun event
• 👗 A stylish dress
• 🚗 A cool car
• 🎶 A melodious song
• 🏠 A comfortable home
• 🖼️ A stunning picture
• 📱 A useful gadget
• 💡 A brilliant idea
• 🍰 A delicious dessert
• 👶 A cute baby
• 🎥 A hilarious movie
• 🚴 A thrilling race
• 🏖️ A relaxing vacation
• 🎭 A dramatic play
• 📖 A captivating story

2️⃣ Specific Opinion Adjectives

• 🏎️ A speedy car
• 📖 A boring story
• 🎬 A scary movie
• 🧁 A sweet cake
• 🎹 A complex melody
• 🍜 A spicy dish
• 🏋️‍♀️ A tough workout
• 🌳 A shady tree
• 🐇 A playful rabbit
• 🌊 A calm sea
• 🎤 A powerful voice
• 📺 A funny show
• 💎 A sparkling gem
• 🎩 A fancy hat
• 🌟 A shiny star
• 🖼️ A realistic painting
• 🍔 A greasy burger
• 🎻 A soothing tune
• 🏠 A haunted house
• 🧸 A fluffy toy

3. Adjective Order 🗂️

When multiple adjectives describe a noun, follow this golden order:

1️⃣ Opinion → 2️⃣ Size → 3️⃣ Age → 4️⃣ Shape → 5️⃣ Color → 6️⃣ Material → 7️⃣ Purpose → Noun

Examples:

👗 A beautiful long red silk evening dress
[Opinion]: beautiful → [Size]: long → [Color]: red → [Material]: silk → [Purpose]: evening → [Noun]: dress
🏡 A lovely small old stone cottage
[Opinion]: lovely → [Size]: small → [Age]: old → [Material]: stone → [Noun]: cottage
📚 An interesting thick green history book
[Opinion]: interesting → [Size]: thick → [Color]: green → [Purpose]: history → [Noun]: book
🚗 A cool big black sports car
[Opinion]: cool → [Size]: big → [Color]: black → [Purpose]: sports → [Noun]: car
🖼️ A stunning large rectangular modern painting
[Opinion]: stunning → [Size]: large → [Shape]: rectangular → [Age]: modern → [Noun]: painting
🛋️ A comfortable wide beige fabric sofa
[Opinion]: comfortable → [Size]: wide → [Color]: beige → [Material]: fabric → [Noun]: sofa
🎩 A fancy tall black felt hat
[Opinion]: fancy → [Size]: tall → [Color]: black → [Material]: felt → [Noun]: hat
📦 A sturdy large brown cardboard box
[Opinion]: sturdy → [Size]: large → [Color]: brown → [Material]: cardboard → [Noun]: box
🍰 A delicious small round chocolate cake
[Opinion]: delicious → [Size]: small → [Shape]: round → [Material]: chocolate → [Noun]: cake
🎒 A practical large blue leather backpack
[Opinion]: practical → [Size]: large → [Color]: blue → [Material]: leather → [Noun]: backpack
🏞️ A breathtaking high rocky mountain view
[Opinion]: breathtaking → [Size]: high → [Shape]: rocky → [Noun]: mountain view
🏡 A charming medium-sized white wooden house
[Opinion]: charming → [Size]: medium-sized → [Color]: white → [Material]: wooden → [Noun]: house
🚪 A heavy tall brown oak door
[Opinion]: heavy → [Size]: tall → [Color]: brown → [Material]: oak → [Noun]: door
🐕 A loyal large fluffy golden retriever
[Opinion]: loyal → [Size]: large → [Shape]: fluffy → [Color]: golden → [Noun]: retriever
🎻 A delicate small brown antique violin
[Opinion]: delicate → [Size]: small → [Color]: brown → [Age]: antique → [Noun]: violin

4. Adjectives with “-ing” and “-ed” ✨

Adjectives ending in “-ing” and “-ed” often describe causes and feelings respectively:

A. “-ing” Adjectives

They show what causes a feeling.

Examples:

• 📖 A fascinating book
• 🎬 A thrilling movie
• 🐕 A charming dog
• 🏞️ A breathtaking view
• 🎉 An exciting event
• 🎭 A captivating play
• 🎶 A soothing melody
• 📚 A confusing textbook
• 🌊 A relaxing beach
• 🎤 A moving speech
• 🏋️‍♀️ A demanding workout
• 🏡 A welcoming home
• 🍎 A refreshing drink
• 💡 A surprising idea
• 🎩 A puzzling riddle
• 🐇 A startling noise
• 📅 A challenging deadline
• 🌟 A shining star
• 🚗 A speeding car
• 🏔️ A thrilling adventure

A. “-ing” Adjectives

They show the feeling itself.

Examples:

• • 📖 She felt fascinated by the book.
  • 🎬 He was thrilled after watching the movie.
  • 🐕 The dog seemed charmed by the treat.
  • 🏞️ They were amazed by the view.
  • 🎉 Everyone was excited about the party.
  • 🎭 She felt captivated by the performance.
  • 🎶 He was calmed by the music.
  • 📚 I felt confused while reading the instructions.
  • 🌊 We were relaxed after the beach day.
  • 🎤 The audience was moved by the speech.
  • 🏋️‍♀️ She felt exhausted after the workout.
  • 🏡 They felt welcome at the new home.
  • 🍎 I was refreshed after drinking the lemonade.
  • 💡 She seemed surprised by the idea.
  • 🎩 He was puzzled by the tricky question.
  • 🐇 They were startled by the loud noise.
  • 📅 He felt challenged by the tight deadline.
  • 🌟 She was enchanted by the starry night.
  • 🚗 I felt frightened by the speeding car.
  • 🏔️ We were exhilarated by the mountain climb.