Indefinite Pronouns

1. People: Using “Someone,” “Anyone,” “Everyone,” and “No One”

💡 Key Points

• “Someone”: Used in positive statements or polite questions about an unspecified person.
• “Anyone”: Used in questions and negative statements, or to refer to any person.
• “Everyone”: Refers to all members of a group.
• “No One”: Indicates the absence of any person.

📝 Examples of “Anyone” and “Someone”:

• 👩‍🏫 Dialogue 1:
  Teacher: Can someone solve this problem?
  Student: I’ll try!
• 📞 Dialogue 2:
  Friend: Did anyone call me while I was out?
  You: No, nobody did.
• 🚪 Dialogue 3:
  Colleague: Is there anyone in the office?
  You: No, it’s empty.
• 🎂 Dialogue 4:
  Friend: Can someone bring the cake?
  You: Sure, I’ll get it.
• 📧 Dialogue 5:
  Boss: Has anyone responded to the email?
  Assistant: Yes, we got a reply.
• 🚙 Dialogue 6:
  Friend: Is anyone driving to the party?
  You: I think Sam is.
• 🎶 Dialogue 7:
  Friend: Did anyone request this song?
  DJ: Yes, someone did earlier.
• 🏠 Dialogue 8:
  Neighbor: Can someone feed my cat while I’m away?
  You: I’d be happy to help!
• 🎨 Dialogue 9:
  Teacher: Is anyone interested in joining the art class?
  Student: Yes, I’d like to join!
• 🌟 Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Do you know someone who can fix this?
  You: Yes, I’ll recommend someone.

📝 Examples of “Everyone” and “No One”:

• 👩‍🏫 Dialogue 1:
  Teacher: Has everyone completed the homework?
  Students: Yes, we have!
• 🌟 Dialogue 2:
  Friend: Did everyone enjoy the party?
  You: Yes, it was a fun!
• 🏫 Dialogue 3:
  Principal: Is everyone here for the meeting?
  Staff: Yes, we’re all present.
• 🚫 Dialogue 4:
  Friend: Did no one see my keys?
  You: Sorry, I didn’t see them.
• 🎂 Dialogue 5:
  Friend: Did everyone eat the cake?
  You: Yes, it’s all gone!
• 📧 Dialogue 6:
  Colleague: Did no one reply to the email?
  You: Not yet.
• 🎨 Dialogue 7:
  Teacher: Did everyone complete the project?
  Student: Yes, we worked hard on it!
• 🌍 Dialogue 8:
  Friend: Did no one sign up for the trip?
  You: Unfortunately, no one showed interest.
• 🍽️ Dialogue 9:
  Host: Did everyone try the main course?
  Guest: Yes, it was delicious!
• 🚪 Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Did no one close the door?
  You: Oops, I’ll get it.

2. Things: Using “Something,” “Anything,” “Everything,” and “Nothing”

💡 Key Points

• “Something”: Used in positive statements or polite offers.
• “Anything”: Used in questions and negative statements, or to refer to any thing.
• “Everything”: Refers to all objects or things.
• “Nothing”: Indicates the absence of any objects or things.

📝 Examples of “Something” and “Anything”:

• 📦 Dialogue 1:
  Friend: Did you bring something for the party?
  You: Yes, I brought snacks.
• 🍔 Dialogue 2:
  Friend: Is there anything to eat?
  You: Yes, there’s pizza in the kitchen.
• 📧 Dialogue 3:
  Colleague: Did anyone leave anything on my desk?
  You: No, it’s empty.
• 🚗 Dialogue 4:
  Friend: Did you find something for the trip?
  You: Yes, I got a travel pillow.
• 🎶 Dialogue 5:
  Friend: Is there anything you’d like to listen to?
  You: No, play whatever you like.
• 🎨 Dialogue 6:
  Teacher: Can you create something unique for the project?
  You: Yes, I’m working on a new design.
• 💡 Dialogue 7:
  Friend: Did anything happen at the meeting?
  You: Nothing important, just usual updates.
• 📖 Dialogue 8:
  Friend: Did you read something interesting in the book?
  You: Yes, the chapter on history was fascinating.
• 💼 Dialogue 9:
  Colleague: Is there anything left to finish on the report?
  You: Yes, just the summary section.
• 🌳 Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Do you see anything unusual in the park?
  You: Yes, there’s a rare bird near the tree.

📝 Examples of “Nothing”:

• 🔍 Dialogue 1:
  Friend: Did you find anything in the drawer?
  You: No, there’s nothing inside.
• 🍽️ Dialogue 2:
  Guest: Is there food left in the kitchen?
  You: Sorry, there’s nothing left to eat.
• 📱 Dialogue 3:
  Friend: Did you get any messages?
  You: No, I’ve received nothing.
• 📧 Dialogue 4:
  Colleague: Did we get any emails today?
  You: There’s nothing new in the inbox.
• 🛍️ Dialogue 5:
  Friend: Did you buy anything at the mall?
  You: No, I bought nothing.
• 📖 Dialogue 6:
  Teacher: Did you write something for your homework?
  Student: Sorry, I wrote nothing.
• 🎥 Dialogue 7:
  Friend: Did you watch anything on Netflix?
  You: No, I watched nothing.
• 📞 Dialogue 8:
  Colleague: Did anyone call you?
  You: No, there’s nothing on my call log.
• 🎁 Dialogue 9:
  Friend: Did you get a birthday gift?
  You: No, I received nothing.
• 🏞️ Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Did you see anything interesting during your hike?
  You: No, I saw nothing.

📝 Examples of “Everything”:

• 🌟 Dialogue 1:
  Friend: Did you pack for the trip?
  You: Yes, I’ve packed everything.
• 🎂 Dialogue 2:
  Friend: Is everything ready for the party?
  You: Yes, everything is set!
• 🛒 Dialogue 3:
  Colleague: Did you order all the supplies?
  You: Yes, I ordered everything on the list.
• 📚 Dialogue 4:
  Teacher: Did you read all the chapters?
  Student: Yes, I read everything.
• 📧 Dialogue 5:
  Colleague: Did you respond to the emails?
  You: Yes, I replied to everything.
• 🚪 Dialogue 6:
  Friend: Did you lock up before leaving?
  You: Yes, I checked everything.
• 📦 Dialogue 7:
  Friend: Is everything unpacked?
  You: Yes, everything is organized now.
• 🎨 Dialogue 8:
  Teacher: Did you complete your art project?
  Student: Yes, I finished everything.
• 🎉 Dialogue 9:
  Host: Did you enjoy the event?
  Guest: Yes, I loved everything about it.
• 🌍 Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Did you visit all the tourist spots?
  You: Yes, we saw everything.

📝 Examples of “Nothing” and “Anything”

• ✅ Dialogue 1:
  Friend: Did you find your keys?
  You: No, I found nothing.
• ✅ Dialogue 2:
  Friend: Did you find your keys?
  You: No, I didn’t find anything.
• ✅ Dialogue 3:
  Friend: Is there food in the fridge?
  You: There’s nothing to eat.
• ✅ Dialogue 4:
  Friend: Is there food in the fridge?
  You: There isn’t anything to eat.
• ✅ Dialogue 5:
  Teacher: Did anyone complete the project?
  You: No, nothing was submitted.
• ✅ Dialogue 6:
  Teacher: Did anyone complete the project?
  You: No, nobody submitted anything.
• ✅ Dialogue 7:
  Friend: Did you bring snacks?
  You: No, I brought nothing.
• ✅ Dialogue 8:
  Friend: Did you bring snacks?
  You: No, I didn’t bring anything.
• ✅ Dialogue 9:
  Friend: Did the repair work fix the issue?
  You: It fixed nothing.
• ✅ Dialogue 10:
  Friend: Did the repair work fix the issue?
  You: It didn’t fix anything.

• 3. Combining Indefinite Pronouns

  “Nothing” vs. “Anything”

  • “Nothing” is used in positive sentences to indicate the absence of things.
  • “Anything” is used in negative sentences and questions.

  📝 Examples

  1. Positive Sentence (with “Nothing”):
     • There’s nothing in the fridge.
     • I found nothing interesting at the store.
  2. Negative Sentence (with “Anything”):
     • There isn’t anything in the fridge.
     • I didn’t find anything interesting at the store.

• 4. Comparison of Indefinite Pronouns

  Pronoun	Use	Example
  Someone	Positive statements, unspecified person	Can someone help me?
  Anyone	Negative statements, questions, any person	Did anyone see my bag?
  Everyone	Refers to all people	Everyone enjoyed the show.
  No One	Absence of people	No one answered the phone.
  Something	Positive statements, unspecified object	I need something to drink.
  Anything	Negative statements, questions, any object	Do you have anything to add?
  Everything	All objects or things	Everything is ready for the trip.
  Nothing	Absence of objects or things	There’s nothing in my bag.